Namhlanje sicinga ngolweloi-heliumnjengeyona nto ibanda kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngoku lixesha lokuphinda umhlolisise?

Ukunqongophala kwe-helium ezayo

IHeliumyinto yesibini eqhelekileyo kwindalo iphela, ngoko kunokunqongophala? Unokuthetha into efanayo malunga ne-hydrogen, exhaphake ngakumbi. Zisenokuba zininzi ngasentla, kodwa zingabi ninzi ngezantsi. Nantsi into esiyidingayo.IHeliumayisiyiyo imarike enkulu. Imfuno yonyaka yehlabathi iqikelelwa malunga ne-6 yeebhiliyoni zee-cubic feet (Bcf) okanye i-170 million cubic metres (m3). Kunzima ukumisela ixabiso langoku, kuba ixabiso lidla ngokuxoxisana ngesivumelwano phakathi komthengi kunye nomthengisi, kodwa uCliff Kain, i-CEO yenkampani yegesi enqabileyo ye-Edelgas Group, wanika inani le-1800 dollar / million cubic feet ( mcf). I-Edgar Group ifunda imarike kwaye icebisa uninzi lweenkampani ezisebenza kwimarike. Imarike yehlabathi jikelele yolweloi-heliumisixa sinokuba malunga neebhiliyoni ezi-3 zeerandi.

Nangona kunjalo, imfuno isaqhubeka ikhula, ikakhulu kumacandelo ezonyango, isayensi kunye neteknoloji kunye ne-aerospace, kwaye "iya kuqhubeka ikhula", uKayin uthe.IHeliumUxineke kasixhenxe njengomoya. Ukutshintsha umoya kwi-hard disk drive ngei-heliuminokunciphisa isiphithiphithi, kwaye idiski inokujikeleza ngcono, ngoko ke iidiski ezininzi zinokulayishwa kwindawo encinci kwaye zisebenzise amandla amancinci.IHeliumii-hard drives ezigcwalisiweyo zonyusa umthamo nge-50% kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla ngama-23%. Ngenxa yoko, uninzi lwamaziko edatha akumgangatho ophezulu ngoku asebenzisa i-helium ezaliswe zii-hard drives ezinomthamo ophezulu. Ikwasetyenziselwa abafundi bebhakhowudi, iitshiphusi zekhompyutha, iisemiconductors, iiphaneli zeLCD, kunye neentambo zefiber optic.

Olunye ushishino olukhula ngokukhawuleza luyadlai-helium, elishishini lasemajukujukwini. I-Helium isetyenziswa kwiitanki zamafutha kwiirokethi, iisathelayithi kunye ne-particle accelerators. Ukuxinana kwayo okuphantsi kuthetha ukuba ingasetyenziselwa ukuntywila enzulu-lwazini yolwandle, kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo ukusetyenziswa kwayo yinto yokupholisa, ingakumbi imagnethi kumatshini weMRI (imagnetic resonance imaging). Kufuneka zigcinwe kufutshane neqanda ngokupheleleyo ukugcina iipropathi zequantum zemagnethi ngaphandle kokuphulukana namandla azo. Umatshini we-MRI oqhelekileyo ufuna iilitha ezingama-2000 zolweloi-helium. Kunyaka ophelileyo, iUnited States iye yaqhuba malunga nezigidi ezingama-38 zovavanyo lwemagnethi yenyukliya. IForbes iyakukholelwa okoi-heliumUkunqongophala kunokuba yingxaki elandelayo yezonyango yehlabathi.

"Ngenxa yokubaluleka kwemifanekiso yenyukliya yemagnethi kuluntu lwezonyango, ii-heliumUnxunguphalo kufuneka lube ngumba ophambili kunye neziko lezopolitiko, abenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo, oogqirha, izigulane kunye noluntu ukuba baxoxe kwaye bafumane izisombululo ezizinzileyo. Ukunqongophala kwei-heliumyingxaki enzulu, esichaphazela ngokungqalileyo okanye ngokungangqalanga sonke.”

Neebhaluni zepati.

Iindleko ze-helium ziya kunyuka

Ukuba uyinkampani ye-aerospace ishishini layo lixhomekeke ekuthumeleni ii-satellites kwi-space, okanye umenzi we-MRI oshishini lakhe lixhomekeke ekuthengiseni oomatshini be-MRI, awuyi kuvumela.i-heliumukunqongophala kuthintele ishishini lakho. Awuyi kumisa imveliso. Uya kuhlawula naliphi na ixabiso eliyimfuneko kwaye udlulise iindleko. Iifowuni eziphathwayo, iikhompyuter kunye nazo zonke izinto eziyimfuneko ebominii-helium. Akukho nto ithatha indawo ye-helium, ngaphandle kwayo besiya kubuyela kwi-Stone Age.

IHeliumyimveliso yegesi yendalo esulungekileyo. Umvelisi omkhulu kwihlabathi yi-United States (ibali malunga ne-40% yokubonelela), ilandelwa yiQatar, i-Algeria kunye neRashiya. Nangona kunjalo, ilizwe laseUnited Statesi-heliumuvimba, owona mthombo mkhulu omnye we-helium kwihlabathi kwiminyaka engama-70 edlulileyo, uyekile ukubonelela. Inkampani ivumela abasebenzi ukuba bahambe, kwaye uxinzelelo lukhululiwe. Xa i-1200 psi iyadingeka kwimveliso, uxinzelelo ngoku luyi-700 psi. Ubuncinci ngokwethiyori, inkqubo ngoku iyathengiswa.

La maxwebhu adibene nokulibaziseka kwi-White House, enokuthi ithathe ixesha ukusombulula. Asiyi kubona nayiphi na imarike de ibe isonjululwe. Abathengi abanokubakho kufuneka bazazi izinto ezingcolisekileyo kunye neenkqubo eziqhubekayo zomthetho. Unikezelo olukhului-heliumIplanti esanda kwakhiwa yiGazprom e-Amur, kwimpuma yeRussia, nayo ivaliwe, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba kubekho nayiphi na imveliso ngaphambi kokuphela kuka-2023, kuba ixhomekeke kwiinjineli zaseNtshona, ezithandabuzayo ukuthumela abasebenzi eRashiya ngoku. .

Kukho nawuphi na, kuya kuba nzima ukuba iRashiya ithengise ngaphandle kweTshayina neRashiya. Ngapha koko, iRussia inamandla okuba lelona mvelisi libalaseleyo kwihlabathi – kodwa le yiRussia. Kwangoko kulo nyaka, iQatar yayinokuvalwa kabini. Nangona iphinde yavulwa, ngokufutshane, siye safumana imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-helium yokunqongophala kwe-4.0, eyesine yokunqongophala kwe-helium yehlabathi ukususela ngo-2006.

Amathuba kwishishini le-helium

Njengoko kunye nei-heliumukunqongophala kwe-1.0, 2.0 kunye ne-3.0, ukuphazamiseka kokunikezelwa kweshishini elincinci kuye kwabangela ukuxhalaba. Ukunqongophala kwe-helium 4.0 kuphela ukuqhubeka kwe-2.0 kunye ne-3.0. Ngokufutshane, ihlabathi lifuna ubonelelo olutsha lwei-helium. Isisombululo kukutyalomali kubavelisi abanokuba ngabavelisi kunye nabaphuhlisi be-helium. Kukho ezininzi ngaphandle, kodwa njengazo zonke iinkampani zemithombo yendalo, i-75% yabantu iya kusilela.