IMethane (CH4)

Iiparamitha zobugcisa

I-Methane yi-organic compound ene-molecular formula ye-CH4 kunye ne-molecular weight ye-16.043.I-Methane yeyona nto ilula yendalo kunye ne-hydrocarbon enomxholo omncinci wekhabhoni (eyona nto inkulu ye-hydrogen).Imethane isasazwe ngokubanzi kwindalo kwaye yeyona nto iphambili kwirhasi yendalo, igesi yendalo, irhasi yomngxuma, njalo njalo, eyaziwa njengerhasi.I-Methane yigesi engenambala kwaye engenavumba phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo.Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, imethane izinzile kwaye kunzima kakhulu ukuyinyibilika emanzini.Ayinakusabela ngee-oxidants ezinamandla ezifana ne-potassium permanganate, kwaye ayifuni kunye ne-acids eqinile okanye i-alkalis.Kodwa phantsi kweemeko ezithile, i-methane iphinda ibe neempendulo ezithile.Imethane sisibaso esibaluleke kakhulu.Yeyona nxalenye iphambili yerhasi yendalo, ibalelwa malunga nama-87%.Ikwasetyenziswa njengamafutha asemgangathweni kwizifudumezi zamanzi kunye nezitovu zerhasi kuvavanyo lwexabiso lekhalori.I-Methane inokusetyenziswa njengerhasi esemgangathweni kunye negesi yokulinganisa ukuveliswa kweealam zegesi ezinokutsha.Isenokusetyenziswa njengomthombo wekhabhoni yeeseli zelanga, ifilimu ye-amorphous silicon ifilimu yomphunga wekhemikhali yokubeka, kwaye njengesixhobo ekrwada sokwenziwa kwamayeza kunye neekhemikhali.Imethane ikwasetyenziswa ngobuninzi ukwenza iammonia, urea kunye nekhabhoni emnyama.Ingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-methanol, i-hydrogen, i-acetylene, i-ethylene, i-formaldehyde, i-carbon disulfide, i-nitromethane, i-hydrocyanic acid kunye ne-1,4-butanediol.I-Chlorination ye-methane inokuvelisa i-mono-, i-di-, i-trichloromethane kunye ne-carbon tetrachloride.Gcina kwindawo epholileyo nengena umoya.Zigcine kude nomlilo kunye nemithombo yobushushu.Ubushushu bokugcina akufunekanga budlule kuma-30°C.Kufuneka igcinwe ngokwahlukileyo kwi-oxidants, njl., kwaye akufanele ixutywe.Sebenzisa izibane ezingagqabhukiyo kunye nezixhobo zokungenisa umoya.Akuvumelekanga ukusebenzisa izixhobo zoomatshini kunye nezixhobo ezixhomekeke kwiintlantsi.Indawo yokugcina kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zonyango olungxamisekileyo oluvuzayo.Imethane inokuba yingozi kwindalo esingqongileyo, kwaye ingqwalasela eyodwa kufuneka ihlawulwe kwiintlanzi kunye nemithombo yamanzi.Ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe kwakhona kungcoliseko lwamanzi angaphezulu, umhlaba, umoya kunye namanzi okusela.

Isicelo:

①NjengeSibaso

Imethane isetyenziselwa ukubasa ii-oveni, izindlu, izifudumezi zamanzi, iitoni, iimoto, iiinjini zomoya nezinye izinto.Itshiswa yioksijini ukuze idale umlilo.