Ngaphandle kwetekhnoloji yolweloi-hydrogenkunye nolweloi-helium, ezinye izakhiwo ezinkulu zesayensi zingaba yinqwaba yesinyithi esilahliweyo... Zibaluleke kangakanani i-hydrogen engamanzi kunye ne-helium engamanzi?

Izazinzulu zaseTshayina zoyisa njanii-hydrogenkunye ne-helium engenakukwazi ukuyinyibilikisa? Ngaba uphakathi kwezona zibalaseleyo emhlabeni? Masityhile imixholo eshushu efana ne-"Ice Arrow" kunye nokuvuza kwe-helium, size singene kwicandelo elihle kakhulu leshishini le-cryogenic lelizwe lam kunye.

I-Ice Rocket: Ummangaliso we-Liquid Hydrogen kunye ne-Liquid Oxygen

Thina rocket yokuthwala iLong March 5 yaseTshayina, i-“Hercules” yeshishini leenqwelo-moya, “i-90% yamafutha ayilweloi-hydrogenkwiqondo lobushushu elingaphantsi kwama-253 degrees Celsius kunye neoksijini engamanzi kwiqondo lobushushu elingaphantsi kwama-183 degrees Celsius” – oku kusondele kumda wobushushu obuphantsi, kwaye kukwayimvelaphi yegama elithi “Ice Rocket”.

Kutheni ukhetha i-hydrogen engamanzi?

Isizathu silula: ubunzima obufanayoi-hydrogeninomthamo ophindwe kangangama-800 kune-hydrogen engamanzi. Ukusebenzisa ipetroli engamanzi, "itanki yepetroli" yerokethi igcina indawo engakumbi, kwaye iqokobhe linokuba lincinci, ukuze lithwale imithwalo emininzi ukuya esibhakabhakeni. Ukudibanisa i-hydrogen engamanzi kunye ne-oxygen engamanzi akupheleli nje ekubeni nobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, kodwa kunokuvelisa ukonyuka kwesantya esikhulu kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwenjini. Lolona khetho lulungileyo kwi-rocket propellant.

Ukuvuza kweHelium: Umbulali ongabonakaliyo kwicandelo leenqwelo-moya

Ekuqaleni iSpaceX yayicwangciselwe ukuqhuba umsebenzi we "North Star Dawn" ekupheleni kuka-Agasti, kodwa ukuqaliswa kwayo kwahlehliswa ngenxa yokubhaqwa kwayo.i-heliumukuvuza ngaphambi kokuba iqalise. I-Helium idlala indima "yokunika isandla" kwirokethi. Ikhupha ioksijini engamanzi kwinjini njengesirinji.

Nangona kunjalo,i-heliuminobunzima obuncinci beemolekyuli kwaye kulula kakhulu ukuyivuza, nto leyo eyingozi kakhulu kwiteknoloji yesithuba. Esi siganeko siphinda sibonise ukubaluleka kwe-helium kwicandelo leenqwelo-moya kunye nobunzima bokusetyenziswa kwayo.

I-Hydrogen kunye ne-helium: izinto ezininzi kakhulu kwindalo iphela

I-Hydrogen kunyei-heliumAsingo "makhelwane" kuphela kwitheyibhile ye-periodic, kodwa zikwazezona zinto zininzi kwindalo iphela. I-hydrogen fusion ikhupha ubushushu bube yi-helium, into eyenzeka yonke imihla elangeni.

Ukunyibilika kwei-hydrogenkwaye i-helium isebenzisa indlela efanayo yokukhenkcisa, kwaye amaqondo obushushu azo okunyibilika aphantsi kakhulu, kwi -253℃ kunye ne -269℃ ngokulandelelana. Xa amaqondo obushushu e-helium engamanzi ehla aye kwi -271℃, kuya kwenzeka utshintsho lwe-superfluid, oluyimpembelelo ye-quantum ye-macroscopic.

Uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji yanamhlanje efana ne-quantum computing luya kuba nemfuno ekhulayo kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphantsi kakhulu, kwaye izazinzulu zaseTshayina ziya kuqhubeka ziqhubeka nohambo lobushushu obuphantsi kwaye zinegalelo elingakumbi kwinkqubela phambili yesayensi neyobuchwepheshe. Sibonge izazinzulu, kwaye masijonge phambili kwimpumelelo yazo ebalaseleyo kwixesha elizayo!