Indima ye-helium kwi-R&D yenyukliya

I-Heliumidlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphando nophuhliso kwicandelo lokuhlanganiswa kwenyukliya. Iprojekthi ye-ITER e-Estuary yaseRhône eFransi yi-reactor yokuvavanya i-thermonuclear fusion esakhiwayo. Le projekthi iza kuseka isityalo sokupholisa ukuqinisekisa ukupholisa kwe-reactor. “Ukuze kuveliswe amasimi e-electromagnetic afunekayo ukujikeleza i-reactor, kufuneka izinto zemagnethi eziqhuba i-superconducting, kwaye izinto zemagnethi eziqhuba i-superconducting kufuneka zisebenze kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi kakhulu, kufutshane ne-zero epheleleyo.” Kwisityalo sokupholisa se-ITER, indawo yesityalo se-helium ithatha indawo yeemitha zesikwere ezingama-3,000, kwaye indawo iyonke ifikelela kwiimitha zesikwere ezingama-5,400.

Kwizilingo zokudibanisa inyukliya,i-heliumisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimisebenzi yokukhenkcisa nokupholisa.I-Heliumithathwa njengefriji efanelekileyo ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezibonisa ukurhawuzelela kunye nokuqhuba kakuhle kobushushu. Kwisityalo sokupholisa se-ITER,i-heliumisetyenziselwa ukugcina i-reactor kubushushu obufanelekileyo bokusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuba inokusebenza kakuhle kwaye ivelise amandla aneleyo okudibanisa.

Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwe-reactor, isityalo sokupholisa sisebenzisa izixhobo zemagnethi eziqhuba i-superconducting ukuvelisa intsimi ye-electromagnetic efunekayo. Izixhobo zemagnethi eziqhuba i-superconducting kufuneka zisebenze kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi kakhulu, kufutshane ne-zero epheleleyo, ukuze kubekho iipropati ezifanelekileyo ze-superconducting. Njengesixhobo esibalulekileyo sokufrijisa,i-heliuminokubonelela ngendawo efunekayo yobushushu obuphantsi kwaye ipholise ngokufanelekileyo izinto zemagnethi eziqhuba i-superconducting ukuqinisekisa ukuba inokufikelela kwimeko yokusebenza elindelekileyo.

Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zesityalo sokupholisa i-ITER,i-heliumIsityalo sithatha indawo enkulu. Oku kubonisa ukubaluleka kwe-helium kuphando nophuhliso lwe-nuclear fusion, kunye nokubaluleka kwayo ekuboneleleni ngendawo efunekayo yokukhanya kunye nefuthe lokupholisa.

Ukuququmbela,i-heliumidlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphando nophuhliso lwe-nuclear fusion. Njengesixhobo esifanelekileyo sokukhenkceza, isetyenziswa kakhulu kumsebenzi wokupholisa ii-reactors zovavanyo lwe-nuclear fusion. Kwisityalo sokupholisa se-ITER, ukubaluleka kwe-helium kubonakala kubuchule bayo bokubonelela ngendawo efunekayo yobushushu obuphantsi kunye nesiphumo sokupholisa ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-reactor inokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwaye ivelise amandla aneleyo okuhlanganisa. Ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji yokuhlanganisa i-nuclear, amathuba okusetyenziswa kwe-helium kwicandelo lophando nophuhliso aya kuba banzi.