IHeliumyenye yeegesi ezimbalwa ezikhaphukhaphu kunomoya. Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, izinzile, ayinambala, ayinavumba kwaye ayinabungozi, ngoko lukhetho oluhle kakhulu lokuyisebenzisa ukuvuthela iibhaluni ezidadayo.

Ngoku i-helium ibizwa ngokuba "ngumhlaba onqabileyo wegesi" okanye "igesi yegolide".IHeliumihlala ithathwa njengokuphela kobutyebi bendalo obungahlaziyekiyo eMhlabeni. Okukhona usebenzisa kakhulu, kokukhona uncinci, kwaye inoluhlu olubanzi losetyenziso.

Ngoko, umbuzo onomdla kukuba, yintoni i-helium esetyenziselwa yona kwaye kutheni ingenakuphinda ihlaziywe?

Ivela phi ihelium yomhlaba?

IHeliumikwindawo yesibini kwi-periodic table. Ngapha koko, ikwayeyesibini eyona nto ininzi kwindalo iphela, eyesibini kuphela kwi-hydrogen, kodwa ngenene i-helium inqabile eMhlabeni.

Oku kungenxai-heliumine-valence ye-zero kwaye ayihambi kwiikhemikhali phantsi kwazo zonke iimeko eziqhelekileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ikhona kuphela kwifom ye-helium (He) kunye neegesi zayo ze-isotope.

Kwangaxeshanye, kuba ikhanya kakhulu, yakuba ivele phezu komhlaba ikwimo yerhasi, iya kubaleka ngokulula esithubeni endaweni yokuba ihlale emhlabeni. Emva kwamakhulu ezigidi zeminyaka yokubaleka, incinci kakhulu ihelium eseleyo emhlabeni, kodwa iqondo langoku le-helium emoyeni isenokugcinwa kwindawo ezimalunga ne-5.2 kwisigidi ngasinye.

Oku kungenxa yokuba i-lithosphere yomhlaba iya kuqhubeka nokuvelisai-heliumukubuyisela ilahleko yayo yokubaleka. Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, i-helium ayisoloko ingena kwimichiza, ngoko iveliswa njani?

Uninzi lwe-helium eMhlabeni yimveliso yokubola kwe-radioactive, ngakumbi ukubola kwe-uranium kunye ne-thorium. Le ikwakuphela kwendlela yokuvelisa i-helium ngoku. Asikwazi ukuvelisa i-helium ngokufanelekileyo ngokuphendula kweekhemikhali. Ininzi ye-helium eyenziwe ngokubola kwendalo iya kungena emoyeni, igcine i-helium yoxinaniso ngelixa ilahlekelwa ngokuqhubekayo, kodwa enye iya kuvalelwa yi-lithosphere. Ezo helium zitshixiwe zihlala zixutywa kwigesi yendalo, kwaye ekugqibeleni ziphuhliswe kwaye zahlulwe ngabantu.

Isetyenziselwa ntoni i-helium?

I-Helium ine-solubility ephantsi kakhulu kunye ne-thermal conductivity ephezulu. Ezi mpawu zivumela ukuba zisetyenziswe kwiinkalo ezininzi, ezifana ne-welding, i-pressurization kunye nokucoca, bonke abathanda ukusebenzisa i-helium.

Nangona kunjalo, yintoni eyenza ngokwenenei-helium"igesi yegolide" yindawo yayo ephantsi yokubila. Iqondo lobushushu elibalulekileyo kunye neqondo lokubila le-helium engamanzi yi-5.20K kunye ne-4.125K ngokulandelelanayo, ezikufutshane ne-zero epheleleyo kunye neyona iphantsi phakathi kwazo zonke izinto.

Oku kwenzai-helium engamanziisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwi-cryogenics kunye nokupholisa kwee-superconductors.

Ezinye izinto ziya kubonisa superconductivity kubushushu benitrogen engamanzi, kodwa ezinye izinto zifuna amaqondo obushushu asezantsi. Kufuneka basebenzise i-helium engamanzi kwaye ayinakutshintshwa. Umzekelo, izinto ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwisixhobo sokucinga ngemagnethi kunye ne-European Large Hadron Collider zonke zipholile ngehelium engamanzi.

Inkampani yethu icinga ukungena kwintsimi ye-helium engamanzi, nceda uhlale ubukele.