I-Heliumyenye yeegesi ezimbalwa ezikhaphukhaphu kunomoya. Okubaluleke ngakumbi, izinzile, ayinambala, ayinavumba kwaye ayinabungozi, ngoko ke lukhetho oluhle kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa ukuqhumisa iibhaluni ezizintantayo.

Ngoku i-helium idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-"gas rare earth" okanye "golden gas".I-Heliumidla ngokuthathwa njengeyona nto ibalulekileyo yendalo engavuselelekiyo eMhlabeni. Okukhona usebenzisa okuninzi, kokukhona ungenayo imali eninzi, kwaye inoluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa.

Ngoko ke, umbuzo onomdla ngulo, isetyenziselwa ntoni i-helium kwaye kutheni ingahlaziyeki?

Ivela phi i-helium yomhlaba?

I-HeliumIkwindawo yesibini kwitheyibhile ye-periodic. Enyanisweni, ikwayeyona nto yesibini ininzi kakhulu kwindalo iphela, ilandela i-hydrogen kuphela, kodwa i-helium ayifumaneki lula eMhlabeni.

Oku kungenxa yokubai-heliumine-valence engu-zero kwaye ayihambelani neempendulo zeekhemikhali phantsi kwazo zonke iimeko eziqhelekileyo. Ihlala ikhona kuphela ngohlobo lwe-helium (He) kunye neegesi zayo ze-isotope.

Kwangaxeshanye, kuba ikhanya kakhulu, xa ivele phezu komhlaba ikwimo yegesi, iya kuphuma ngokulula iye esibhakabhakeni endaweni yokuhlala emhlabeni. Emva kweminyaka engamakhulu ezigidi yokuphuma, kusekho i-helium encinci kakhulu eMhlabeni, kodwa uxinzelelo lwangoku lwe-helium emoyeni lusenokugcinwa malunga neenxalenye ezi-5.2 kwisigidi ngasinye.

Oku kungenxa yokuba i-lithosphere yoMhlaba iya kuqhubeka nokuvelisai-heliumukuze kulungiswe ilahleko yokuphuma kwayo. Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, i-helium ayidli ngokufumana iimpembelelo zeekhemikhali, ngoko ke iveliswa njani?

Uninzi lwehelium eMhlabeni luvela ekuboleni kwe-radioactive, ikakhulu ukubola kwe-uranium kunye ne-thorium. Le yindlela ekuphela kwayo yokuvelisa i-helium okwangoku. Asinakuvelisa i-helium ngokwenziwa ngee-chemical reactions. Uninzi lwe-helium olwenziwe kukubola kwendalo luya kungena emoyeni, lugcine uxinano lwe-helium ngelixa luqhubeka lulahlekelwa, kodwa inxalenye yalo iya kuvalelwa yi-lithosphere. Ezo helium zivaliweyo zihlala zixutywe negesi yendalo, kwaye ekugqibeleni zaphuhliswa kwaye zahlulwe ngabantu.

Isetyenziselwa ntoni i-helium?

I-Helium ayinamanzi aneleyo kwaye inamandla aphezulu okuqhuba ubushushu. Ezi mpawu zivumela ukuba isetyenziswe kwiindawo ezininzi, ezifana nokuwelda, ukucinezela kunye nokucoca, zonke ezithanda ukusebenzisa i-helium.

Nangona kunjalo, yintoni ngokwenene eyenzai-helium“igesi yegolide” yindawo yayo yokubila ephantsi. Ubushushu obubalulekileyo kunye nendawo yokubila ye-helium engamanzi yi-5.20K kunye ne-4.125K ngokulandelanayo, ezikufutshane ne-zero epheleleyo kwaye ziphantsi kakhulu kuzo zonke izinto.

Oku kwenzai-helium engamanziisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-cryogenics kunye nokupholisa ii-superconductors.

Ezinye izinto ziya kubonisa i-superconductivity kubushushu be-nitrogen engamanzi, kodwa ezinye izinto zifuna amaqondo obushushu aphantsi. Ziya kufuneka zisebenzise i-helium engamanzi kwaye azinakutshintshwa. Umzekelo, izixhobo ze-superconducting ezisetyenziswa kwizixhobo ze-magnetic resonance imaging kunye ne-European Large Hadron Collider zonke zipholiswa yi-helium engamanzi.

Inkampani yethu icinga ngokungena kwicandelo le-helium eliyilwelo, nceda uhlale ubukele.