I-nitrous oxide, eyaziwa ngokuba yigesi ehlekayo okanye i-nitrous, yikhemikhali, ioksidi yenitrogen enefomula ethi N2O.

Intshayelelo yeMveliso

I-nitrous oxide, eyaziwa ngokuba yigesi ehlekayo okanye i-nitrous, yikhemikhali yekhemikhali, ioksidi yenitrogen enefomula ethi N2O. Kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, yirhasi engenambala engatshiyo, enevumba elincinane lesinyithi kunye nencasa. Kwiqondo lokushisa eliphakamileyo, i-nitrous oxide iyi-oxidizer enamandla efana ne-molecular oxygen.

I-nitrous oxide inosetyenziso olubalulekileyo lwezonyango, ngakumbi kuqhaqho kunye nonyango lwamazinyo, ngenxa yeziphumo zayo zokuthomalalisa iintlungu kunye nokunciphisa iintlungu. Igama layo "irhasi ehlekayo", eyaqulunqwa ngu-Humphry Davy, ngenxa yeziphumo zovuyo xa uyiphefumlela, ipropathi ekhokelele kusetyenziso lwayo lokuzonwabisa njenge-dissociative anesthetic. Ikuluhlu loMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi wamaYeza ayimfuneko, awona mayeza asebenzayo nakhuselekileyo afunekayo kwinkqubo yezempilo.[2] Ikwasetyenziswa njenge-oxidizer kwi-rocket propellants, kunye nomdyarho weemoto ukwandisa ukuphuma kwamandla eenjini.

Inkcazo

Isicelo

Ezonyango
I<em>nitrous oxide ibisetyenziswa kunyango lwamazinyo nakutyando, njengeyeza lokuthomalalisa iintlungu nokuthomalalisa iintlungu, ukususela ngowe-1844.

Electronic
Isetyenziswa ngokudityaniswa ne-silane kwimichiza yokubeka umphunga we-silicon nitride layers; ikwasetyenziswa kulungiso olukhawulezayo lobushushu ukuze kukhule iioksidi zesango ezikumgangatho ophezulu.

Ukupakisha&UkuThumela

Amanyathelo oncedo lokuqala

I-INHALATION: Ukuba iziphumo ezibi zenzeka, zisuse kwindawo engcolileyo. Nika impefumlo eyenziweyo ukuba akunjalo

ukuphefumla. Ukuba ukuphefumla kunzima, ioksijini kufuneka ilawulwe ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo. Fumana ngoko nangoko

unyango.

UQHAGAMSHELWANO NOLUSU: Ukuba kukho iqabaka okanye iqabaka, ngokukhawuleza gubha ngamanzi amaninzi adikidiki (105-115 F; 41-46 C). UNGAWASEBENZISI AMANZI ashushu. Ukuba amanzi afudumeleyo akakho, bopha ngobunono iindawo ezichaphazelekayo

iingubo. Fumana unyango olukhawulezileyo.

UQHAGAMSHELWANO LWEESO: Gubha amehlo ngamanzi amaninzi.

UKUTSHA: Ukuba uginyiwe kakhulu, fumana unyango.

QAPHELA KUGQIRHA: Ukuphefumla, cinga ngeoksijini.

Usebenzisa

1.Iinjini zerokhethi

Nitrous oxide isenokusetyenziswa njenge oxidizer kwi rocket motor. Oku kunenzuzo ngaphezu kwezinye ii-oxidisers kuba akukhona nje kuphela i-non-toxic, kodwa ngenxa yokuzinza kwayo kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi kulula ukuyigcina kwaye ikhuseleke ngakumbi ukuba iqhube indiza. Njengenzuzo yesibini, inokubola ngokulula ukwenza umoya ophefumlayo. Ubuninzi bayo obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphantsi lokugcina (xa lugcinwe kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi) luvumela ukuba lukhuphisane kakhulu kunye neenkqubo ezigciniweyo zegesi eziphezulu.

2.Injini yokutsha yangaphakathi-(injini yeNitrous oxide)

Kwimidyarho yeemoto, i-nitrous oxide (edla ngokubizwa ngokuba “yi-nitrous”) ivumela i-injini ukuba itshise amafutha amaninzi ngokubonelela ngeoksijini eninzi kunomoya wodwa, nto leyo ebangela ukutsha okunamandla.

I-auto-grade liquid nitrous oxide yohluke kancinane kudidi lwezonyango lwe-nitrous oxide. Isixa esincinci se-sulphur dioxide (SO2) yongezwa ukuthintela ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi. Izinto ezininzi zokuhlambela ngesiseko (ezifana nesodium hydroxide) zinokuyisusa le nto, inciphisa iipropathi ezonakalisayo ezibonwayo xa i-SO2 iphinda ifakwe i-oxidised ngexesha lokutsha kwi-asidi ye-sulfuric, yenze ukukhutshwa kucoceke.

3.I-aerosol propellant

Irhasi ivunyiwe ukuba isetyenziswe njengesongezo sokutya (ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-E942), ngokukodwa njenge-aerosol spray propellant. Olona setyenziso lwayo luqhelekileyo kulo mongo lukwii-aerosol whipped cream canisters, izitshizi zokupheka, kunye nerhasi engasebenziyo esetyenziselwa ukususa ioksijini ukuze inyanzelise ukukhula kwebhaktiriya xa kuzaliswa iipakethe zeetshiphusi zeitapile kunye nokunye ukutya okune-snack okufanayo.

Ngokufanayo, isitshizi sokupheka, esenziwe kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeoyile ezidityaniswe ne-lecithin (i-emulsifier), inokusebenzisa i-nitrous oxide njenge-propellant. Ezinye iipropellants ezisetyenziswa ekuphekeni isitshizi ziquka utywala bodidi lokutya kunye nepropane.

4.Iyeza——–Nitrous oxide (amayeza)

I<em>nitrous oxide ibisetyenziswa kunyango lwamazinyo nakutyando, njengeyeza lokuthomalalisa iintlungu neyokuthomalalisa iintlungu, ukususela ngowe-1844.

I-nitrous oxide sisithomalalisi esibuthathaka ngokubanzi, kwaye ke ayisetyenziswa yodwa kwi-anesthesia jikelele, kodwa isetyenziswa njengerhasi yokuthwala (exutywe neoksijini) kumachiza anamandla okuthomalalisa ngokubanzi anjenge-sevoflurane okanye i-desflurane. Inomlinganiselo omncinci we-alveolar ye-105% kunye ne-coefficient ye-blood / gas partition ye-0.46. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-nitrous oxide kwi-anesthesia, nangona kunjalo, kunokunyusa umngcipheko we-nausea emva kokusebenza kunye nokuhlanza.

EBritani naseKhanada, i-Entonox kunye ne-Nitronox zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ngabasebenzi be-ambulensi (kubandakanywa nabasebenzi abangabhaliswanga) njengegesi ye-analgesic ekhawulezayo nesebenzayo.

I-50% ye-nitrous oxide ingaqwalaselwa ukuba isetyenziswe ngabaphenduli boncedo lokuqala abaqeqeshiweyo abangaqeqeshwanga kwizicwangciso ze-prehospital, banikwe ukukhululeka kunye nokhuseleko lokulawula i-50% ye-nitrous oxide njenge-analgesic. Ukuguqulwa okukhawulezileyo kwesiphumo saso nako kuya kuyithintela ekuthinteleni ukuxilongwa.

5.Ukusetyenziswa kokuzonwabisa

I-inhalation yokuzonwabisa ye-nitrous oxide, ngenjongo yokubangela i-euphoria kunye / okanye i-hallucinations encinci, yaqala njengento eyenzeka kwi-British class ephezulu kwi-1799, eyaziwa ngokuba "ngamaqela egesi ehlekayo".

EUnited Kingdom, ukususela ngo-2014, kuqikelelwa ukuba i-nitrous oxide isetyenziswa ngabantu abatsha abaphantse babe sisiqingatha sesigidi kwiindawo zasebusuku, kwimibhiyozo nakumatheko. Ukuba semthethweni koku kusetyenziswa kwahluka kakhulu kumazwe ngamazwe, kwanakwizixeko ngezixeko kwamanye amazwe.