I-Amoniyaiyaziwa njengesichumisi kwaye ngoku isetyenziswa kumashishini amaninzi, kubandakanywa amashishini amachiza kunye namachiza, kodwa amandla ayo awapheli apho. Isenokuba sisibaso esinokuthi, kunye ne-hydrogen, efunwa kakhulu ngoku, enokuthi ibe negalelo kwi-decarbonization yezothutho, ngakumbi ezothutho zaselwandle.

Ngenxa yeengenelo ezininzi zeammonia, ngakumbi “i-ammonia eluhlaza” eveliswa ngamandla ahlaziyekayo, njengokungaveli kwekharbon diokside, imithombo eninzi, kunye nobushushu obuphantsi bokuntywila, iingxilimbela ezininzi zamazwe ngamazwe ziye zangenela ukhuphiswano lokuvelisa “uhlaza oluhlaza” kwimizi-mveliso.ammonia“. Nangona kunjalo, i-ammonia njengesibaso esizinzileyo isenobunzima bokuboyisa, njengokunyusa imveliso kunye nokujongana nobutyhefu bayo.

Izigebenga zikhuphisana ukuze ziphuhlise "i-ammonia eluhlaza"

Kukho kwakhona ingxaki ngeammoniaukuba sisibaso esizinzileyo. Okwangoku, i-ammonia iveliswa ikakhulu kumafutha efosili, kwaye izazinzulu zinethemba lokuvelisa “i-ammonia eluhlaza” kwimithombo evuselelekayo ukuze igcineke ngokwenene kwaye ingabinakhabhoni.
Iwebhusayithi yaseSpain “Absai” yachaza kwingxelo yamva nje ukuba “luhlazaammonia” inokuba nekamva eliqaqambileyo, ukhuphiswano lwemveliso yemizi-mveliso luye lwaqaliswa kwihlabathi jikelele.

Isikhulu sekhemikhali esaziwayo iYara sisasaza “luhlazaammonia” imveliso, kunye nezicwangciso zokwakha iplanti yeammonia ezinzileyo enomthamo wonyaka weetoni ezingama-500,000 eNorway. Inkampani sele isebenzisana ngaphambili kunye nenkampani yombane yaseFransi i-Engie ukusebenzisa amandla elanga ukuvelisa i-hydrogen kwisityalo sayo ekhoyo e-Pilbara, enyakatho-ntshona ye-Australia, ukwenza i-hydrogen iphendule nge-nitrogen, kwaye "i-ammonia eluhlaza" eveliswa ngamandla avuselelekayo iya kuqala kwi-2023 yovavanyo lwemveliso. . Inkampani yaseSpeyin iFetiveria ikwaceba ukuvelisa iitoni ezingaphezu kwesigidi “zoluhlazaammonia” ngonyaka kwiplanti yayo ePuertollano, kwaye uceba ukwakha esinye isityalo “seammonia eluhlaza” esinomthamo ofanayo ePalos-De la Frontera.I-Amoniya” umzi-mveliso. Iqela laseSpain i-Ignis Group liceba ukwakha isityalo “seammonia eluhlaza” kwiZibuko laseSeville.

Inkampani yaseSaudi NEOM iceba ukwakha eyona “green” inkulu ehlabathiniammonia” indawo yokuvelisa ngo-2026. Xa igqityiwe, eli ziko kulindeleke ukuba livelise iitoni ezisisi-1.2 sezigidi ze“green ammonia” ngonyaka, nto leyo enciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekharbon diokside ngeetoni ezizizigidi ezi-5.

“Absai” yatsho ukuba “luhlazaammonia” inokoyisa ubunzima obahlukeneyo ejongene nayo, abantu kulindeleke ukuba babone ibhetshi yokuqala yeelori ezifutha iammonia, iitrektara kunye neenqanawa kule minyaka ili-10 izayo. Okwangoku, iinkampani kunye neeyunivesithi ziphanda itekhnoloji yesicelo se-ammonia fuel, kwaye kwabonakala ibhetshi yokuqala yezixhobo zeprototype.

Ngokwengxelo ekwiwebhusayithi ye-US “Technology Times” ngomhla we-10, i-Amogy, ikomkhulu eliseBrooklyn, eUnited States, iveze ukuba ilindele ukubonisa inqanawa yokuqala ene-ammonia ngo-2023 ize iyithengise ngokupheleleyo ngo-2024. ibe yimpumelelo enkulu ekuthunyeleni ngenqanawe.

kusekho ubunzima ukoyisa

I-AmoniyaIndlela yokufaka amafutha kwiinqanawa kunye neelori ayizange ihambe kakuhle, nangona kunjalo. Njengoko iDet Norske Veritas ikubeka kwingxelo: “Ubunzima obuninzi kufuneka boyiswe kuqala.”

Okokuqala, ukunikezelwa kwamafuthaammoniakufuneka kuqinisekiswe. Malunga ne-80% yeammonia eveliswa kwihlabathi jikelele isetyenziswa njengesichumiso namhlanje. Ke ngoko, ngelixa uhlangabezana nale mfuno yezolimo, kucingelwa ukuba kuya kufuneka ukuba kuphindwe kabini okanye kathathuammoniaimveliso yokuhambisa izithuthi zaselwandle kunye neelori ezinzima kwihlabathi liphela. Okwesibini, ubutyhefu be-ammonia bukwayinkxalabo. Ingcali yotshintsho lwamandla eSpain uRafael Gutierrez uchaze ukuba i-ammonia isetyenziselwa ukwenza isichumisi kwaye isetyenziswa njengefriji kwezinye iinqanawa, eziqhutywa ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo nabanamava. Ukuba abantu bayakwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwiinqanawa zamafutha kunye neelori, abantu abaninzi baya kuboniswaammoniakwaye iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ziya kuba nkulu.