I-ammonia okanye i-azane yikhompawundi yenitrogen kunye ne-hydrogen enefomula ethi NH3

Intshayelelo yeMveliso

I-ammonia okanye i-azane yikhompawundi yenitrogen kunye ne-hydrogen enefomula ethi NH3. Eyona hydride ye-pnictogen elula, i-ammonia yirhasi engenambala enevumba elinuka kamnandi. Yinkunkuma eqhelekileyo yenitrogen, ngakumbi phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini, kwaye inegalelo elikhulu kwiimfuno zesondlo sezinto eziphila emhlabeni ngokusebenza njengesandulela sokutya nezichumisi. I-Amoniya, ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo, nayo ibhloko yokwakha ukuhlanganiswa kweemveliso ezininzi zamachiza kwaye isetyenziswe kwiimveliso ezininzi zokucoca zorhwebo.
Nangona ixhaphakile kwindalo kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi, i-ammonia iyingozi kwaye iyingozi kwimo yayo egxininisiweyo.
Iammonia yoshishino ithengiswa mhlawumbi njengotywala be-ammonia (idla ngokuba yi-28% ye-ammonia emanzini) okanye njenge-ammonia ecinezelekileyo okanye efrijiweyo ye-anhydrous engamanzi ethuthwa ngeemoto zetanki okanye iisilinda.

Inkcazo

Isicelo

Isicoci:
I-ammonia yasekhaya sisisombululo se-NH3 emanzini (oko kukuthi, i-ammonium hydroxide) esetyenziswa njengesicoci senjongo ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezininzi. Ngenxa yokuba i-ammonia iphumela ekukhanyeni okungafaniyo, enye yezona zinto ziqhelekileyo zisetyenziswayo kukucoca iglasi, i-porcelain kunye nensimbi engenasici. Ikwasetyenziswa rhoqo ukucoca ii-oveni kunye nezinto zokufunxwa ukukhulula ubumdaka obubhakiweyo. Uluhlu lwe-ammonia yasekhaya ekugxininiseni ubunzima ukusuka kwi-5 ukuya kwi-10% ye-ammonia.

Izichumisi zemichiza:
I-ammonia yolwelo isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwimveliso ye-nitric acid, urea kunye nezinye izichumisi zekhemikhali.Ehlabathini lonke, malunga ne-88% (ukusukela ngo-2014) ye-ammonia isetyenziswa njengezichumisi njengeetyuwa zayo, izisombululo okanye i-anhydrously. Xa igalelwa emhlabeni, inceda ekuboneleleni ngezivuno ezongezelelekileyo zezityalo ezifana nombona nengqolowa. [icatshulwa] I-30% yenitrogen yezolimo egalelwa e-USA ikwimo ye-anhydrous ammonia kwaye kwihlabathi jikelele iitoni ezili-110 lezigidi ziyagalelwa nyaka ngamnye.

Iimpahla ezingekasilwa:
Ingasetyenziswa njengemathiriyeli ekrwada kwiyeza kunye nesibulali zinambuzane.

NjengeFuel:
Uxinzelelo lwamandla ekrwada e-ammonia engamanzi yi-11.5 MJ/L, nto leyo emalunga nesithathu kwidizili. Nangona ingasetyenziswa njengamafutha, ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi oku akuzange kube yinto eqhelekileyo okanye ixhaphake. Ukongeza ekusebenziseni ngokuthe ngqo i-ammonia njengamafutha kwiinjini zokutsha kukho ithuba lokuguqula i-ammonia ibuyele kwi-hydrogen apho ingasetyenziselwa ukunika amandla iiseli zamafutha e-hydrogen okanye inokusetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo ngaphakathi kweeseli zamafutha obushushu obuphezulu.

Ukwenziwa kwe-rocket, i-missile propellant:
Kwishishini lokhuselo, elisetyenziswa ekwenzeni i-rocket, i-missile propellant.

Isikhenkcisi:
Isikhenkcisi-R717
Ingasetyenziswa njengefriji.Ngenxa yeempawu ze-ammonia zokufuthuza, i-refrigerant eluncedo. Yayisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo phambi kokusasazwa kweeklorofluorocarbons (Freons). I-Anhydrous ammonia isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizikhenkcisi zemizi-mveliso kunye neerenki zehoki ngenxa yokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nexabiso eliphantsi.

Ukugqitywa kweMercerized of textiles:
I-ammonia yolwelo inokusetyenziselwa ukugqitywa kwe-Mercerized of textiles.

Ukupakisha&UkuThumela

Amanyathelo oncedo lokuqala

I-INHALATION: Ukuba iziphumo ezibi zenzeka, zisuse kwindawo engcolileyo. Nika ukuphefumla okwenziweyo ukuba
engaphefumli. Ukuba ukuphefumla kunzima, ioksijini kufuneka ilawulwe ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo. Fumana
unyango olukhawulezileyo.
UQHAGAMSHELWANO LOLUSU: Hlamba ulusu ngesepha kunye namanzi ubuncinane imizuzu eli-15 ngelixa ususa
iimpahla nezihlangu ezingcolileyo. Fumana unyango olukhawulezileyo. Ucoce ngokucokisekileyo kwaye womile
iimpahla nezihlangu ezingcolisekileyo phambi kokuba ziphinde zisetyenziswe. Ukutshabalalisa izicathulo ezingcolileyo.
UQHAGAMSHELWANO LWEMEHLO: Ngoko nangoko hlamba amehlo ngamanzi amaninzi ubuncinane imizuzu eli-15. Emva koko fumana
unyango olukhawulezileyo.
UKUTSHA: MUSA ukugabha. Ungaze wenze umntu ongekho zingqondweni agabhe okanye asele ulwelo.
Nika izixa ezikhulu zamanzi okanye ubisi. Xa ugabha, gcina intloko ingaphantsi kunesinqe ukuze uthintele
ulangazelelo. Ukuba umntu akakho zingqondweni, jika intloko uye kwicala. Fumana unyango ngokukhawuleza.
QAPHELA KUGQIRHA: Ukuphefumla, cinga ngeoksijini. Ukungeniswa, qwalasela ikopi yommizo.
Kuphephe ukuhlamba i-astric lavage.

Iindaba eziyeleleneyo

U-Azane Uhamba ukuya kwi-IIAR 2018 kwiNkomfa yeNdalo yefriji yeNdalo e-Colorado
Mar 15,2018
Ixabiso eliphantsi i-ammonia chiller kunye nomvelisi wesikhenkcisi, i-Azane Inc, ilungiselela ukubonisa kwi-IIAR 2018 Natural Refrigeration Conference & Expo nge-18th-21st March. Ibanjelwe kwiBroadmoor Hotel kunye neResort eColorado Springs, inkomfa isetelwe ukubonisa iintsingiselo zeshishini elisuka kwihlabathi liphela. Ngababonisi abangaphezu kwe-150, umsitho ngowona mboniso mkhulu wefriji yendalo kunye neengcali ze-ammonia, utsala abantu abangaphezu kwe-1,000.

I-Azane Inc izakubonisa i-Azanefreezer yayo kunye nentsha kraca kunye nemo yobugcisa i-Azanechiller 2.0 ephindaphindeke kabini ukusebenza kakuhle komthwalo womanduleli wayo kwaye yaphucula ukulula kunye nokuguquguquka kweammonia kwinani lezicelo ezitsha.

UCaleb Nelson, uSekela Mongameli woPhuhliso lweShishini we-Azane Inc uthe, “Siyavuya ukwabelana noshishino ngeenzuzo zeemveliso zethu ezintsha. I-Azanechiller 2.0 kunye ne-Azanefreezer zikhula ngakumbi kwi-hvac, ukuveliswa kokutya, imveliso yesiselo kunye nemizi-mveliso yokugcina izinto ezibandayo, ngakumbi eCarlifonia, apho ukhetho lwendalo, olusebenzayo, nolunomngcipheko ophantsi lufuneka ngamandla.

"Inkomfa ye-IIAR ye-Natural Refrigeration itsala umxube omkhulu wabathunywa kwaye siyakonwabela ukuthetha nabakontraki, abacebisi, abasebenzisi bokugqibela, kunye nabanye abahlobo kwishishini."

Kwindawo ye-IIAR inkampani yabazali baka-Azane i-Star Refrigeration iya kumelwa nguDavid Blackhurst, uMlawuli weqela leengcali zenkampani, i-Star Technical Solutions, osebenze kwiBhodi yabaLawuli be-IIAR. UBlackhurst uthe, "Wonke umntu obandakanyekayo kwiiprojekthi zokupholisa kufuneka aqonde imeko yeshishini kuyo yonke indawo yomsebenzi-kubandakanywa nokuba zeziphi izixhobo abazithengayo kunye nefuthe elingakanani kwiindleko zobunini."

Ngemizamo yehlabathi yokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweefriji ze-HFC, kukho ithuba lokuba iifriji zendalo ezifana ne-ammonia kunye ne-CO2 zithathe indawo ephakathi. Kukho inkqubela eyenziweyo e-US njengoko ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nokhuseleko, ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwefriji kuqhuba izigqibo ezininzi zoshishino. Umbono obanzi ngakumbi ngoku uyathathwa, oqhubelekayo ngokuqhuba inzala kwiinketho zexabiso eliphantsi le-ammonia ezifana nezo zibonelelwa yi-Azane Inc.

UNelson wongeze wathi, "Iinkqubo ezipakishwe ngexabiso eliphantsi le-ammonia zika-Azane zifanelekile kwiiprojekthi apho umxumi anqwenela ukuxhamla ekusebenzeni ngokufanelekileyo kwe-ammonia ngelixa ethintela ukuntsonkotha kunye neemfuno zolawulo ezihlala zinxulunyaniswa neenkqubo ze-ammonia ezisembindini okanye ezinye iindlela ezenziweyo ezisekwe kwisikhenkcisi."

Ukongeza ekukhuthazeni izisombululo ze-ammonia ehlawulwayo ephantsi, i-Azane iya kubamba i-Apple iwotshi yokuphisa kwindawo yayo. Inkampani icela abathunywa ukuba bagcwalise uphando olufutshane lokuhlola ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga nokupheliswa kwe-R22, izithintelo ekusetyenzisweni kwee-HFCs kunye nobuchwepheshe be-ammonia obubiza kancinci.

I-IIAR 2018 iNkomfa yeNdalo yefriji kunye ne-Expo iyenzeka ngo-Matshi 18-21 eColorado Springs, eColorado. Ndwendwela i-Azane kwi-booth number 120.

U-Azane ngumvelisi ogqwesileyo kwihlabathi osebenza kwisisombululo esinexabiso eliphantsi le-ammonia efrijini. Uluhlu lwezixokelelwano ezipakishiweyo zika-Azane zonke zisebenza kusetyenziswa i-ammonia – ifriji eyenzeka ngokwendalo enokuphelelwa yi-ozone kwaye ingabinakho ukufudumala kwehlabathi. kwimarike US e Chambersburg, PA.

I-Azane Inc isandula ukutyhila i-Controlled Azane Inc (CAz) isithuthi sabo esitsha esisekelwe eTustin, eCalifornia esizisa i-Azanefreezer kwintengiso kwishishini lokugcina elibandayo kwilizwe lonke. I-CAz isanda kubuya kwinkomfa ye-AFFI (i-American Frozen Food Institute) e-Las Vegas, e-Nevada apho umdla kwizisombululo ezintsha zokupholisa ukunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza kunye nokuphucula ulawulo lomngcipheko kwakuxhaphake kakhulu.