IHydrogen Chloride (HCl)

Iiparameters zobugcisa:

I-hydrogen chloride inefomyula yekhemikhali i-HCl. Imolekyuli ye-hydrogen chloride yenziwe yi-atom ye-chlorine kunye ne-atom ye-hydrogen. Yigesi engenambala enevumba elibi. Igesi ebolayo, engatshiyo, ayisebenzi namanzi kodwa inyibilika lula emanzini. Ihlala ikhona emoyeni ngohlobo lomsi we-hydrochloric acid. I-hydrogen chloride inyibilika lula kwi-ethanol kunye ne-ether, kwaye inyibilika nakwezinye izinto ezininzi eziphilayo; inyibilika lula emanzini, kwi-0°C, umqulu omnye wamanzi unokunyibilikisa malunga ne-500 volumes ye-hydrogen chloride. Isisombululo sayo samanzi saziwa kakhulu ngokuba yi-hydrochloric acid, kwaye igama layo lesayensi yi-hydrochloric acid. I-hydrochloric acid exineneyo iyaguquguquka. I-hydrogen chloride ayinambala, ine-melting point ye--114.2°C kunye ne-boliting point ye--85°C. Ayitshi emoyeni kwaye izinzile kubushushu. Ayiboli kude kube malunga ne-1500°C. Inevumba elibi, inomsindo omkhulu kwindlela yokuphefumla ephezulu, kwaye iyatshisa emehlweni, eluswini nakwiinwebu ze-mucous. Uxinano lulukhulu kunomoya. Iipropati zeekhemikhali ze-hydrogen chloride eyomileyo azisebenzi kakhulu. Iimetali ze-alkali kunye neemetali zomhlaba ze-alkaline zinokutsha kwi-hydrogen chloride, kwaye xa i-sodium itsha, ikhupha ilangatye elityheli elikhanyayo. I-hydrogen chloride isetyenziswa kwishishini le-petrochemical ukukhuthaza ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuvuselelwa kwee-catalysts kunye nokunyusa i-viscosity ye-petroleum; ingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-chlorosulfonic acid, irabha yokwenziwa, njl.njl.; ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza iidayi, iziqholo, ukwenziwa kwamayeza, ii-chloride ezahlukeneyo kunye nezithinteli zokubola, kunye nokucoca, i-Pickling, i-electroplating metal, i-tanning, i-refine okanye i-hard metal. I-hydrogen chloride gas ene-high-purity isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-silicon epitaxial growth, i-vapor phase polishing, i-gettering, i-etching kunye neenkqubo zokucoca kwishishini le-elektroniki.

Isicelo:

①Izinto eziphathekayo:

Uninzi lwehydrogen chloride lusetyenziswa ekuvelisweni kwe-hydrochloric acid. Ikwayinto ebalulekileyo ekuguquleni ezinye iikhemikhali kwimizi-mveliso.

②I-semiconductor:

Kwishishini le-semiconductor, isetyenziselwa zombini iikristale ze-semiconductor etch kunye nokucoca i-silicon nge-trichlorosilane (SiHCl3).

③Ilabhoratri:

Kwilabhoratri, iintlobo zegesi ezingenamanzi ziluncedo kakhulu ekuveliseni ii-Lewis acids ezisekelwe kwi-chloride, ekufuneka zome ngokupheleleyo ukuze iindawo zazo zeLewis zisebenze.

Iphakheji eqhelekileyo:

Iingenelo:

①Ubumsulwa obuphezulu, indawo yamva nje;

②Umenzi wesatifikethi se-ISO;

③Ukuhanjiswa okukhawulezayo;

④ Inkqubo yohlalutyo olukwi-intanethi lokulawula umgangatho kwinyathelo ngalinye;

⑤Imfuneko ephezulu kunye nenkqubo ecokisekileyo yokuphatha isilinda ngaphambi kokuzalisa;